URI Normalization function:
Take care of IDN domains.
Always provide the URI scheme in lowercase characters.
Always provide the host, if any, in lowercase characters.
Only perform percent-encoding where it is essential.
Always use uppercase A-through-F characters when percent-encoding.
Prevent dot-segments appearing in non-relative URI paths.
For schemes that define a default authority, use an empty authority if the default is desired.
For schemes that define an empty path to be equivalent to a path of "/", use "/".
For schemes that define a port, use an empty port if the default is desired
All portions of the URI must be utf-8 encoded NFC from Unicode strings